Vaccine Preventable Disease Seroprevalence in a Nationwide Assessment of Timor-Leste (VASINA-TL): study protocol for a population-representative cross-sectional serosurvey.

INTRODUCTION: Historic disruption in health infrastructure combined with data from a recent vaccine coverage survey suggests there are likely significant immunity gaps to vaccine preventable diseases and high risk of outbreaks in Timor-Leste. Community-based serological surveillance is an important tool to augment understanding of population-level immunity achieved through vaccine coverage and/or derived from prior infection. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This national population-representative serosurvey will take a three-stage cluster sample and aims to include 5600 individuals above 1 year of age. Serum samples will be collected by phlebotomy and analysed for measles IgG, rubella IgG, SARS-CoV-2 antispike protein IgG, hepatitis B surface antibody and hepatitis B core antigen using commercially available chemiluminescent immunoassays or ELISA. In addition to crude prevalence estimates and to account for differences in Timor-Leste's age structure, stratified age-standardised prevalence estimates will be calculated, using Asia in 2013 as the standard population. Additionally, this survey will derive a national asset of serum and dried blood spot samples which can be used for further investigation of infectious disease seroepidemiology and/or validation of existing and novel serological assays for infectious diseases. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval has been obtained from the Research Ethics and Technical Committee of the Instituto Nacional da Saúde, Timor-Leste and the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Northern Territory Department of Health and Menzies School of Health Research, Australia. Co-designing this study with Timor-Leste's Ministry-of-Health and other relevant partner organisations will allow immediate translation of findings into public health policy, which may include changes to routine immunisation service delivery and/or plans for supplementary immunisation activities.

Large congenital facial teratoma.

This case report discusses a presentation of a giant facial teratoma, a rare congenital neoplasm. Head and neck locations of the tumour uncommonly distort the face and may be associated with functional problems. We present a case of teratoma arising from the right parotid extending to the extracranial regions, successfully managed by surgical resection. Reviewing this case with the supporting body of literature anticipates further investigation to address patients' needs more thoroughly.

Manejo odontológico en menores que han sido víctimas de abuso sexual

Se conoce que la violencia sexual tiene repercusiones en el bienestar, la salud física, mental y social de las víctimas, así como de sus familias y la sociedad en general. El principal objetivo de esta investigación se centró en la importancia de implementar una herramienta que permita conocer las recomendaciones y los cuidados que el profesional en Odontología, para un correcto manejo odontológico en menores que han sido víctimas de abuso sexual, además de concientizar, la necesidad de conocer cuál es la manera correcta de atender a esta población, tomando en cuenta el daño psicológico de los menores, y debido a que en Costa Rica no existe ningún protocolo de atención. El estudio se cuantificó por medio de las experiencias de las cuidadoras directas, trabajadoras Patronato Nacional de la Infancia PANI, con respecto al cuido de los/las menores víctimas de abuso sexual y en este se halló relación entre fobias dentales con abusos sexuales recibidos. Es muy necesario seguir desarrollando investigaciones que aumenten el conocimiento en esta área para disponer de mejores herramientas a fin de reorientar la dinámica dentista-paciente de modo que se favorezca un mejor nivel de salud oral en la población.

It is known that sexual violence has an impact on well-being, physical, mental and social health of the victims and their families and society in general. The sin of this study is focused on the importance of implementing a tool to meet the recommendations and care professionals in dentistry, for proper dental management in children who have been victims of sexual abuse, in addition to raising awareness, the need to know what is the right way to serve this population taking into account the psychological damage of minors; because there isn´t a protocol of care in Costa Rica. The study was quantified through the experiences of direct caregivers, workers Patronato Nacional de la Infancia PANI, with respect to the care of child victims of sexual abuse and the relationship between dental phobias received sexual abuse was found. It is very necessary to continue to develop research to increase knowledge in this area to have better tools to reorient the dentist - patient so to promote a better standard of oral health in the population dynamics.